For a∈Ra\in\mathbb Ra∈R, ∣a∣>1|a| > 1∣a∣>1, let
limn→∞(1+23+⋯+n3n7/3(1(an+1)2+1(an+2)2+⋯+1(an+n)2))=54.\lim_{n\to\infty}\left(\frac{1 + \sqrt[3]2 + \cdots + \sqrt[3]n}{n^{7/3}\left(\frac1{(an+1)^2} + \frac1{(an+2)^2} + \cdots + \frac1{(an+n)^2}\right)}\right) = 54.n→∞limn7/3((an+1)21+(an+2)21+⋯+(an+n)21)1+32+⋯+3n=54.
Then the possible value(s) of aaa is/are
Official answer: A, D
Numerator.∑k=1nk1/3∼34n4/3.\sum_{k=1}^nk^{1/3}\sim\frac34n^{4/3}.k=1∑nk1/3∼43n4/3.
Denominator (as a Riemann sum):n7/3∑k=1n1(an+k)2=n4/3⋅1n∑1(a+k/n)2→n4/3∫01dx(a+x)2=n4/3a(a+1).n^{7/3}\sum_{k=1}^n\frac1{(an+k)^2}=n^{4/3}\cdot\frac1n\sum\frac1{(a+k/n)^2}\to n^{4/3}\int_0^1\frac{dx}{(a+x)^2}=\frac{n^{4/3}}{a(a+1)}.n7/3k=1∑n(an+k)21=n4/3⋅n1∑(a+k/n)21→n4/3∫01(a+x)2dx=a(a+1)n4/3.
The limit.34a(a+1)=54 ⟹ a2+a−72=0 ⟹ a=8 or a=−9.\frac34a(a+1)=54\implies a^2+a-72=0\implies a=8\text{ or }a=-9.43a(a+1)=54⟹a2+a−72=0⟹a=8 or a=−9.Both satisfy ∣a∣>1|a|>1∣a∣>1.
(A), (D)